ANALYSIS AND THREE-DIMENTIONAL VISUALIZATION OF
HEAVY METAL LEAD IMPACT ON ANTI-ANEMIA DRUG ACTION IN
Mus musculus BALB/C
STRAIN
DIANA PUTRI HAPSARI
Department of
Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Sebelas Maret University,
Surakarta.
ABSTRACT
Heavy metal lead (Pb) in the body generates anemia by
disrupting the actions of δ-amino
levulinic acid dehydrase (δ-ALAD) and ferrochelatase
enzymes. They act in the process of hemoglobin synthesis. Generally people use
anti-anemia drugs to prevent and cure anemia. Exposure of lead is assumed
impair to anti-anemia drug action. The aim of this research was to know the
interaction of lead and anti-anemia drug in anemic blood.
Twenty mice (Mus musculus) Balb/C strain were divided into
5 groups. All of them had acclimated for 7 days before treatment. Each mice was
treated sodium nitric dose 3.75 mg/mice/day since day 8th to 25th
to decrease haemoglobin levels in blood. Afterward, mice were treated lead in
dose 12 ppm, lead in dose 50 ppm, lead in dose 12 ppm along with anti-anemia
drug dose 2,14 mg, and lead in dose 50 ppm along with anti-anemia drug dose
2,14 mg. Hemoglobin level was measured digitally using a portable hemoglobin
meter is Easy Touch GCHb.
Interactions of lead and δ-ALAD and ferrochelatase enzymes were visualized using
molecular docking method.
Exposure of lead 50 ppm along with anti-anemia drug
decreased hemoglobin levels more than exposure of lead 12 ppm and lead 50 ppm
solely. Exposure of lead 50 ppm along with anti-anemia drug had similar
effect on decreasing hemoglobin level on mice blood. Lead replaces zinc in the
δ-ALAD enzyme. Lead also inhibits ferrochelatase enzymes action by replacing Fe2+
position at the center of heme ring.
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